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on December 15th, 2011% ![]()
Solar Power is a household term for generations now. And with its advancement over time, it is no longer a surprise to us if we will be able to come up with our very own homemade solar power. Like the advent of just about any technology, however, this also comes with its own questions. with the help of knowledge about it, you are on your way to creating a possible solution to your energy dilemma, a homemade solar power.
The inner Workings
Creating a home made solar power is so easy. all you need to have are solar panels, glass, plywood to attach the panels together; copper wires, capacitors, transistors and a volt relay and you are good to go. Familiarizing oneself with these set of materials and the topic is a plus factor. You would not want to be the first to feel its tingling effect on you, would you? So, talk to an expert to have a clear understanding on this before switching on the energy.
Its Main Components
Solar panels are the main component in solar power. It is made up of a solar cell that transforms sunlight into energy. These solar panels are being sold in different electrical and hardware stores. Solar panel or cheaper versions such as spoiled cells and photovoltaic cells are also available.
A Question of Safety
Homemade solar power is a non harmful device that is generous to our environment. It reduces the noise, and pollution emitted by the regular energy supplied by big electrical companies. It makes use of resources that are environmentally friendly, therefore it is safe.
Advantages to be Enjoyed
One of the very evident benefits of homemade solar poweristhe saving up of electricity consumption for up to 80% while not jeopardizing the continuous flow of energy supply in your very own home. if you happen to live in a distant place with minimal electricity distribution, well this really is a key answer to your dilemma.
Its Contributions to our Lives
Homemade solar power has a wide-ranging system of uses for different house equipments. Starting from small power devices like calculators, chargers, heaters, electric fans and the likes to huge equipments such as vehicles and more importantly, lighting the whole household when needed.
Is it easily accessible?
The homemade solar power is usually at its best availability and accessibility during daytime when the sun is up. there are other options however, to avail of its energy. different forms of battery packs can store the energy and may be put in a safe place in times of need.
The range of uses of a homemade solar power is fairly endless. It does not only provide us the advantage for our personal electricity consumption. Homemade solar power also extends its benefits for the good of the neighborhood we belong to.with every positive factor it offers us, homemade solar power will in no time be one of the best electric sources in the future. Man’s very own contribution to further electric technology.
on December 14th, 2011% ![]()
The idea of making homemade solar power was unheard of 20 years ago, but today is one of the fastest growing trends in the world. with the ever increasing costs of utility bills it just makes sense for someone to use homemade solar power as an alternative energy resource. the thought of reducing your electric bill by 80% or even eliminating it completely is why this trend continues to grow every day.
But before you decide if homemade solar power is for you, some research must be preformed. You must decide if this alternative energy source is going to be cost effective. how long is it going to take for you to recoup your investment.
The job of building a homemade solar power system can be a very expensive project if you’re going to outsource it and let someone else build it for you. I’m talking $8,000 to $10,000. however, many people decide to build their own which will reduce the cost dramatically. for the do-it-yourself person, a portable solar power system can be built for around $200 and all the parts can be purchased at your local hardware store. the parts you will need to purchase include a solar panel, charge controller, battery and an inverter. if you don’t know what some of these things are, don’t worry, there are several informative guides available on the internet to walk you through every step.
This type of system is nice due to the simplicity and the fact that it’s portable and it can take it anywhere you like. with a small system like this, you can recoup you investment in as little as two weeks.
on December 13th, 2011% ![]()
This article is the first of a five-part series about sustainability education at Credo High. the second article in this series, about agricultural sustainability, will run on Dec. 2. the articles are a collaborative effort by Credo students.Credo High, Rohnert Park’s new charter high school inspired by Waldorf education, recently took a big step toward meeting its mission of “teaching and modeling environmental sustainability” by establishing a school Eco Council. Comprised of students, parents, teachers, an administrator and a community member, the council meets monthly to review Credo’s appropriate use of resources and to make recommendations concerning environmental sustainability to the faculty and board of directors.Inspired by ideas proposed in “Smart by Nature,” a book about sustainable schools created by Berkeley’s Center for Ecoliteracy and by the Green Schools Initiative (greenschools.net), Credo’s Eco Council has already made serious strides in steering the school’s culture. During the ninth grade Environmental Science block, two field trips exploring responsible waste management – one to a landfill and another to a recycling center – quickly raised students’ consciousness about waste.“At Credo, we no longer talk about trash or garbage,” explained environmental educator and Eco Council community volunteer Marie-Josée LeBlanc. “those words imply that our waste is going vaguely away, when in fact, as the students saw, it is being plowed into the earth. on the Credo campus, we have all but eliminated what are now labeled as ‘landfill’ cans.”in fact, only one landfill can was visible during a recent visit to the campus, where all rooms have a recycling bin and a compost bin. the school is following a “reduce, reuse, recycle and rot (compost)” approach to waste management and has a sizeable worm farm, where more than 3,000 Credo worms digest students’ lunch scraps, shredded office paper and paper hand towels, turning them into nutrient-rich castings that fertilize the school garden.“Students and staff are beginning to see that about 90 percent of the waste we generate at school is recyclable, and a lot of it, through composting, is put to good use right here in our own back yard,” said Credo student Jacob Keene.Advised by the Eco Council, the Credo Board of Directors recently passed a Sustainability Resolution that guides administration to implement an environmental policy that: • Eliminates the use of pesticides and herbicides,• uses least-toxic cleaning materials,• Creates recycling and composting programs,• Prefers the procurement of recycled classroom and office supplies,• Bans sales of junk food and fast food,• Encourages development of a school garden,• Encourages development of garden-to-table lunch program,• Calls for developing a plan to ensure any new campus construction uses environmentally sound building materials, makes efficient use of energy, water and other resources and creates a campus that is ultimately an independent power producer using clean renewable technologies such as solar and wind.“our students take their futures very seriously,” said Credo Education Director Thom Schaefer. “they have inherent wisdom about environmental matters, and are already fast at work taking responsibility for ensuring a healthy world. they are our great hope.”Credo Eco Tip: the best way to cut waste is to not create waste in the first place. Reduce! Look in your next grocery cart and choose to put back on the shelf one prepared, packaged food item. Cook a homemade version of it instead. Not only is this creating less waste, cooking can bring a family together. What can taste better than a meal made at home with love and consciousness?
on December 8th, 2011% ![]()
Solar Photovoltaic (Solar PV) systems are significantly impacted by shading as it can reduce the output of the PV array. Ideally the Solar PV systems should be located in a shade-free area. However most grid-connected systems are often located on-roofs in built locations, where shading is largely inevitable. There are many forms of temporary shading that can affect the performance of the Solar Panels including: snow, fallen leaves and general dirt. nonetheless generally this loss of efficiency amounts to between 2 per cent and 5 per cent and can be overcome by paying careful attention to the arrangement and angle of the panels.
A tilt of 12 degrees or more allows for the solar panel to self-clean, as greater tilts increase the flow of rain and thus helps to get rid of any potential shading blockages. by arranging the Solar PV modules horizontally this enables losses made by the shading to be reduced by half (in comparison to if it was positioned vertically). the snow on Solar PV arrays melts faster than the surrounding snow so the temporary shading effect should not last for a long period of time. Generally the shading arising from shading factors such as: air pollution, fallen leaves and dirt can be managed by regular cleaning; this can significantly improve the effects of shading on the solar yield. a good cleaning method is to simply clean the Soar PV array with water, avoiding powerful detergents and cleaning tools that could scratch and damage the PV array.
The most common forms shading can derive from the location of the Solar PV array, the building itself, self-shadings from the Solar Panels and Direct Shading. Shading resulting from the location can be caused by the buildings surroundings. This can range from tall trees to neighbouring buildings. Shading resulting from the building should be strongly considered, special attention could be paid to satellite dishes and offset building structures.
Once you have identified if there are any obstructions, shading can be avoided by moving these obstacles. However if this is not possible the shading effect can be minimised if taken into account during the initial stage of deciding the type of system being installed (stand-alone and grid-connected systems). When installing a rack-mounting system potential self-shading can arise from the rows of Solar Panels in front of each other.
A good Solar PV system will minimise this effect by optimizing the tilt and distance between the panels, in the design process of the system. In instances of direct shading, it can cause high losses of energy although the intensity of the energy loss is largely dependent on how close the she shadow is from the obstructing object to the Solar PV array. the larger the distance to the shadow- casting object from the Solar PV system, the brighter the shadow is and the more shading losses are reduced.
Copyright (c) 2010 Aaron Dicks
on December 8th, 2011% ![]()
Many times when I ask people if they have ever considered a solar photovoltaic electric system, they look at me and say its too expensive, I can’t afford it.
The reality is, you can’t afford not to go solar So why do I say that… Lets set aside the environmental issue and purely examine the economic side of the equation.
It is important to take a close look at the solar incentive programs available by local, state and federal agencies. Since I live in California, I will only focus on the most common incentives from the state of California and the federal government. It would be important to look at your own communities or state programs to determine what is available for you directly.
Currently, here in California we have many local programs, but I will focus on the state rebate program which is based on a tier system. this system was created several years ago starting at tier 1, ending on tier 10 and is currently on tier 3. So what does that mean exactly? Well at tier 3 the state pays approximately $2.20 per watt rebate directly to the system owner. As each tier is reached the amount of rebate will decrease. Therefore, the longer someone waits to jump in, the less cash is available to be paid towards a solar electric system. Consequently, there is an eliminate of time to consider, waiting too long to decide will drastically reduce the available incentive.
In addition to the state rebate program there is the federal tax credit program which allows for a 30% tax credit of the total cost of a system. this credit in most cases translates into another $2.25 to $2.40 per watt of savings. this year (2008) the 30% tax credit has a cap of $2000 for residential customers, but beginning in 2009 the cap has been eliminated for everyone buying a system beginning January 1, 1009.
So, what does this mean for a homeowner considering buying a standard photovoltaic system? Assuming a standard or average sales price of $8 per watt, the homeowner or businessperson is effectively receiving approximately $4.45 back in rebates and tax credits That translates to a whopping 55% or more discount on a fully functioning grid tied system.
But, what about the cash which has to be paid to buy the system upfront, you ask? Okay fair question. Consider this, now that photovoltaic is coming of age we are beginning to see financial programs designed to meet this evolving niche market which is making owning a photovoltaic system very attractive.
For example, if a homeowner or business owner has reasonably good credit, a signature loan is available for up to $100,000 for clean power purchases, secured loans for those with equity in their homes or business are also available. in addition, there are short and long term lease programs for both residential, commercial and government agencies just to name a few.
Knowing what we now know, lets look at why anyone would consider taking on debt to finance a photovoltaic system. think about this, individual homeowners can cut there dependence on their favorite power utility company, they will avoid future rate increases, become energy independent and save real money. a business can reduce its overhead, increasing its bottom line through tax advantages, credits, depreciation and decreased utility spending, do I really need to say more?
To illustrate my point, lets look at an average residential electric bill. Assuming our homeowner spends an average of $300 for electricity per month, here is how it would break down.
In this example we have to make a couple of assumptions so this is purely for illustration purposes on the potential benefits of financing a system, figures subject to change.
Assuming our homeowner needs a 5200 watt system to zero out his current electric bill of $300.
Sample system Finance Program:
System Size 5.2 kw (5200 watts) x $8 $41,600
State rebate tier 3 $2.20 -$11,440 cash rebate
Balance Financed $30,160 (zero down program OAC)
Clean Power Financing Interest 6.99% APR
Amortization 15 years
Monthly clean Power Payment $270
Savings over electric bill per month $30
Federal Tax Credit @ 30% $12,480
Assuming an annual tax refund of $2,496 from 30% tax credit
Tax refund applied to solar financing Accelerated payoff Program
Allows a 15 year loan paid off in 7 years by applying annual tax refund towards loan
Interest saved on accelerated payoff $11,081
Electric bill Savings over 7 years $2,520
Total Savings $13,601
Electricity cost starting year 8 $0.00
A business has greater flexibility to deduct lease payments, they can have a $1.00 buyout option and depreciate the system over time for additional tax saving. It isn’t necessary to be an economist to realize financing a photovoltaic system can be profitable without the need for investing a single penny from personal funds. no reason to liquidate investments, retirement or any other accounts to accomplish the goal of freeing yourself from the grip of the public utility company within a few years.
Remember, sun light is free, your just paying for the equipment to harvest it and once you pay it off, the sun will set you free
on December 7th, 2011% ![]()
Making the decision to have solar PV cells fitted to your home or place of business is quite a major one to make as there are many different things to consider such as is your roof in suitable condition, the costs involved including the installation fee and also where on your roof are you going to put them?
But once you have decided you are going to have them you must then choose which type of Solar PV panel you are going to get. here is a quick guide to three different types of panel on the market today:
Monocrystalline Cells
The panels are cut out from a single crystal of silicon and so is effectively a big slice from an even bigger crystal. they appear to have a smooth texture and you will also be able to see how thick the slice is. these are one of the most efficient and therefore one of the most expensive to make, which is also reflected in their price. because these solar PV panels are rigid they must be installed in a rigid frame to protect them.
Polycrystalline Cells
These Solar PV cells are pretty much a slice which has been cut from a block of silicon which is made up of a large number of crystals. you are able to see a speckled reflective appearance as well as the thickness of the slice. because these panels are less expensive to make they are less efficient and cheaper, but still need to be installed with a inflexible frame.
These panels are create by putting a thin film of non-crystalline silicon onto a wide variety of surfaces. these are the least efficient but also the least expensive to produce. because the thin film is flexible so can the whole solar panel too.
on December 7th, 2011% ![]()
ATLANTA, Dec 07, 2011 (BUSINESS WIRE) –Renewvia Energy Corporation, a provider of solar power systems for owners of investment-grade commercial properties, announced today it has completed a 281 kilowatt (kW) solar power system at Casa Carranza, a Mesa, Ariz. apartment complex.
the grid-connected photovoltaic solar electrical system is currently providing 25 percent of power to the 300-unit apartment complex, resulting in a 50 percent savings on the complex’s power bills. the project covered a total of 15,000 square feet atop the parking canopies of the apartment buildings and featured 1004 high efficiency solar panels manufactured by Suntech. Summit Equity Investments is owner of the system and apartment complex.
the solar power facility is expected to generate more than 450,000 kW hours annually and Summit Equity expects to save at least $ 50,000 per year, not including utility and tax benefits. As far as the environmental perspective, the solar power plant’s carbon dioxide offset, a reduction in emissions of carbon dioxide or greenhouse gases, annually is expected to total 248 tons and over a 25 year period will reach 5,593 tons. That is the equivalent of annually removing 48 automobiles from the road or 546,691 miles not driven, and equal to planting 59 acres of pine trees.
“We are excited on the quick delivery of the Renewvia Energy solar power plant and are already seeing the benefits to the bottom-line and sustainability we expect to achieve with this system,” said Ryan Lynch, CEO of Summit Equity investments. “This solar power system will not only drive real savings but enhance our ability to market the complex and increase the resale value or our property. the solar facility also shows our strong commitment to environmental sustainability at our properties and we look forward to working with Renewvia again in the near future. We continue to strive to reduce our carbon footprint and we saw a golden opportunity to do that given the ideal conditions in harnessing the power of Arizona’s sun.”
“We are very pleased to work with Summit Equity Investments and to bring another successful solar power plant to completion that helps them realize the economic benefits available through the SRP solar program” said Trey Jarrard, founder and president of Renewvia Energy. “This project is another ideal example of the compelling sustainability and business benefits offered by Renewvia Energy’s developments.”
About Renewvia Energy Corporation:
Renewvia Energy develops, builds and operates central and distributed solar power systems. Based in Atlanta, Renewvia Energy manages the full life cycle of the solar power development process from engineering, structuring, and financing to construction management and ongoing operational management. the company’s solar power systems deliver strong economics to owners and tenants of commercial properties through reduced energy costs, improved net operating income and increased leasing velocity, while providing a lower carbon footprint, and less reliance on the power grid systems. for more information please visit renewvia.com .
SOURCE: Renewvia Energy Corporation
Renewvia Energy Corporation Paula Rushing, 404-856-4380
Copyright Business Wire 2011
on December 4th, 2011% ![]() Hyderabad, Nov. 9:
The US government has expressed its reservations over local content requirements in clean energy projects.
“We must fight the urge to link our promotion of clean energy to policies that protect local industries with unfair trade practices, mr Francisco J Sanchez, under Secretary for Commerce for International Trade, US Department of Commerce.
Speaking at Solarcon India 2011, an annual international conference of the solar power industry, mr Sanchez observed that local content requirements keep cutting edge technology out of the hands of project developers, limiting the deployment. Ultimately, they force consumers to pay more for less.”
When countries create unnecessary trade barriers, they may benefit in the short-term, but their consumers are eventually deprived of the world’s most cutting-edge technology, mr Sanchez said.
He added that when countries open their market to foreign goods, competition increases for everyone, driving innovation, reducing costs and attracting manufacturers whose supply chain creates thousands of jobs.
It is pertinent to note that the guidelines for the ‘Batch II bidding’ under the National Solar Mission, requires photo voltaic cells to be produced in India.
Local content stipulation
This local content stipulation has turned out to be a sore point with many who have large manufacturing capacities elsewhere. for instance, REC Solar, an American company, has a plant in Singapore that can produce 800 megawatt (MW) worth of PV panels a year. the company’s General Manager for Asia Pacific, mr Matt Daly, says that it is difficult for the company to get advantages of scale, if it were forced to set up a manufacturing facility in India. Supplying from Singapore would be cheaper, he told journalists here.
Asked if the US moves towards bringing in anti-dumping levies on Chinese suppliers of PV modules did not constitute favouring ‘local content’, mr Sanchez said that the US market was the most open market in the world. “as long as everybody plays by the rule, we have no problems. but when they don’t, we will enforce our trade laws,” he said.
Mr Sanchez is leading a delegation of leading US clean energy companies. While in New Delhi on Tuesday, mr Sanchez met with the Indian Commerce Secretary, Dr Rahul Khullar. in his speech at Solarcon, he observed that the National Solar Mission had created a $19 billion plan that was an opportunity for US companies to have a play in.
First Solar, a leading US supplier of PV modules based on thin-film technology, which is active in the Indian market and has announced orders worth 200 MW from Indian companies, is looking for more business.
The company’s President, mr James Brown, said that the solar industry was “in a bit of a turmoil”. in an obvious reference to the Chinese, he said that some players, “desperate to find a market for their products”, were bringing down prices aggressively.
“I recommend you to be strategically opportunistic” and to “choose partners for the long term.”
on December 2nd, 2011% ![]()
MEADVILLE — Over the course of a couple of summers, Jim Martin drove his truck about 4,000 miles — without a single drop of gas. then he decided he’d like to see it go even more green. now, Martin’s self-engineered, all-electric truck (once a standard-issue 1997 Ford Ranger) is bringing new meaning to the term “light pickup.” Meadville-area resident Martin and his grandson, James Coddington, completed their project to convert the truck from gas to electric power in early 2009, when at-the-pump prices were hovering around $4 per gallon. The makings of that conversion were “so simple,” said the retired mechanical engineer: an electric motor, 20 six-volt batteries, some adapters, wiring and a battery charger replaced the standard workings, and the truck was on the go. still, “even the electricity we were buying was not 100 percent green,” Martin said, because electric companies “are still using fossil fuels to generate (that) power. … I wanted to be able to say I’m driving without the use of fossil fuels” entirely. With that goal, said Martin, came the next bright idea: “Let’s try some solar.” so, at a top-to-bottom cost of around $3,500, Martin installed a four-frame grid of solar panels outside his rural hillside home in October 2010. since then, he said, the panels have been supplying all the energy needed to power the truck — and then some. because he mainly uses the pickup only during the summer months for routine trips to and from the city while the panels continue collecting energy year-round, “I haven’t used all the electricity that’s been made,” Martin said. when the truck isn’t using energy on the road or being charged after it’s parked, “I’m (basically) using the grid as a storage device to store the energy” that’s in surplus. Over the course of a year, Martin said, the grid produces an average of what would be about one month’s supply of electricity for his entire home. From a cost-savings perspective, “that’s not a lot of money. “but I didn’t do this for money,” he added. when it comes down to it, Martin said, “I’d like to not send any more money to the Middle East (oil industry) than I need to.” but beyond that, “I think everyone would agree we need to get off” the wide reliance on fossil fuels to provide for energy needs. “More of us need to be doing things to save (those non-renewable resources) if we expect our children and grandchildren to have any kind of good standard of living,” said Martin, adding the solar-powered truck is one way of “doing what I can to save” what’s left for future generations. The total cost for the truck’s gas-to-electric conversion, along with a new paint job and other detailing, was about $7,000, according to Martin. The truck can easily achieve a speed of 55 miles per hour, he said, running quiet and smooth at an estimated cost of about $1 for every 30 miles. not long after the truck first hit the road, Martin and Coddington — a Saegertown High School graduate who’s now studying engineering at the Rochester Institute of Technology — were quick to point out the conversion project was not exactly rocket science. From its 20-horsepower DC motor to its simple lead-acid batteries, “it’s all been done with very low-tech stuff,” Martin said in 2009, adding, however, that a similar project could be done with more high-tech, high-power materials to create a converted vehicle that packs quite a bit more punch. when it comes to steering closer to sustainability through solar and other renewable energies, “people (seem to) think, ‘It’s nothing I can do,’ ” said Martin. but in his experience, he added, “it’s quite surprising what you can” do. And since the truck’s conversion, “I haven’t had to do anything to it — not even tighten a bolt,” he said. “This is a great truck.” Ryan Smith can be reached at 724-6370 or by e-mail at rsmith@meadvilletribune.com.
on November 30th, 2011% ![]()
LOS ANGELES, Nov. 17, 2011 /PRNewswire-Asia-FirstCall/ — The Dependable Companies, a leading provider of trucking, warehousing, freight forwarding and airfreight solutions, today began power generation from a new rooftop solar photovoltaic (PV) system on its Los Angeles corporate headquarters. At 1.2 MW, the project is the world’s largest solar electricity system on an industrial high-rise. Dependable executives celebrated the system’s completion during a rooftop ceremony with a number of distinguished guests, including California State Senator Kevin de Leon.
The Dependable Companies is a 61-year old family-owned business encompassing six divisions. The organization provides full-service logistics services including trucking, warehousing and international freight movement for a host of major corporations in the U.S. and abroad. Dependable also strives to lead the industry in environmental stewardship, incorporating a variety of energy efficient practices and utilizing low-emissions vehicles to minimize its carbon footprint.
“By following our corporate mission ‘…to continue to earn a reputation for integrity, service and diversity that is unmatched in our industry,‘ we have grown from a one-truck operation in Los Angeles to a global player in the logistics industry. Today, we continue to innovate through our endeavors in environmental sustainability,” said Ron Massman, CEO of The Dependable Companies. “We are excited to share this day with our colleagues, the local community and the project partners who brought our solar goals to life.”
Additional speakers at the ceremony included representatives from Dependable’s project partners — engineering, procurement and construction leader Premier Power, and high-quality module producer JinkoSolar.
“The unique optimization process we implement when designing, engineering and constructing our systems ensures The Dependable Companies’ solar installation will achieve superior output over multiple decades, enabling the organization to power its facilities through a renewable resource while keeping an eye to its bottom line,” said Dean R. Marks, CEO of Premier Power. “We congratulate Dependable for executing on this record-breaking project and look forward to working with the company for years to come.”
“JinkoSolar and The Dependable Companies share a dedication to top-notch performance and environmental sustainability, and we’re confident our modules will live up to the Dependable name, now and in the future,” said Arturo Herrero, Chief Marketing Officer for JinkoSolar. “We are proud to bring solar to the mainstream energy supply in America.”
To view and download images of the system, please visit: bit.ly/u8hEIY
About The Dependable Companies
The Dependable Companies is an integrated total supply chain provider comprised of six main business groups serving nearly all areas of the logistics industry. The company has achieved consistent year over year growth for the last 20 years and at the same time has earned a reputation for leadership and innovation in the logistics industry. For more information, please visit godependable.com.
About Premier Power
Premier Power Renewable Energy, Inc. currently maintains offices in the U.S., Italy, Spain, and the Czech Republic. Premier Power uses its global experience to develop and maintain the industry best practices and cutting edge innovation. Premier Power is a leading global provider of large and small-scale solar power systems, delivering unmatched experience to commercial and governmental customers worldwide. Premier Power designs, engineers and integrates the solar industry’s leading products. Premier Power’s technologies and services have enabled its customers to maximize clean energy output along with project savings. Premier Power is headquartered in El Dorado Hills, CA and has common stock quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol PPRW.OB. Additional information is available at the Company’s website at premierpower.com.
About JinkoSolar
JinkoSolar Holding Co., ltd. (NYSE: JKS) is a fast-growing, vertically integrated solar power product manufacturer with cost efficient operations based in Jiangxi Province and Zhejiang Province in China and sales and marketing offices in Shanghai, China, Munich, Germany, San Francisco, U.S., Bologna, Italy, Montpellier, France and Zug. Switzerland. JinkoSolar has built a vertically integrated solar product value chain with an integrated annual capacity of 1.1 GW each for silicon ingots, wafers, solar cells and solar modules as of June 30, 2011, and plans to expand its annual capacity to 1.5GW each for silicon wafers, solar cells and solar modules by end of 2011. JinkoSolar distributes its photovoltaic products to a diversified customer base in the global PV market; including Italy, Germany, Belgium, Spain, the United States, France, Eastern Europe, China and other countries and regions.
SOURCE JinkoSolar Holding Co., ltd.
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RELATED LINKS jinkosolar.com godependable.com premierpower.com bit.ly/u8hEIY
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